Grieving – Peace and Growth After an Autism Diagnosis

The ball in the box
The ball-in-the box analogy serves as an excellent metaphorical description of what grief is like & how you learn to move forward and live with its presence. Below, I have provided links to old posts that appear to best illustrate the key points from the video above….
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“At the beginning of the situation the ball is so large that no matter how you move it will hit the pain.”
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“Eventually…the ball gets smaller and smaller….you can have life experiences that won’t necessarily hit the pain button”
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“and you’ll have other moments when that ball knocks the pain button in a way you were not expecting….:
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“Grief (is) always in your box in some way or shape or form…the idea that time heals all wounds is false…but you will breathe again”
This description of grief is effective and providing a general idea of the experience – at least overall. However, the issue of grief is much more complicated than one might expect at first glance.
Quick-N-Dirty Overview of grief From Literature…
Stage Theories on Grief
ELIZABETH KUBLER ROSS
When people talk about grief, the first thing that frequently comes to mind is the death of a loved one. However, grief can also non-death related issues such as: divorce, mental, or physical, illness, addiction, unemployment, or incarceration. When dealing with non-death related losses our emotions are frequently not acknowledged. (Sweetman & O’Donnell, 2020, Cesur-Soysal, et al, 2024, Doka, 1999). Additionally, discussions of grief, frequently center around the Kubler-Ross’s Grief Cycle (i.e. denial, anger, bargaining, depression & acceptance) (Evans, 2013). However, in real life these stages do not occur in a neat & tidy order. In fact, grief is a gut punch that overwhelms us body mind and soul. We are often left in a state of existential crisis without any means of escape. Before discussing the various forms of complicated grieving, I feel it is important to review various theories on grief.
BOWLBY ON GRIEF & ATTACHMENT
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According to Bowlby, a child develops an internal working modelor mental representation of how relationships work based on their early bond with their primary caregivers. This internal working model becomes the template for how the child believes relationships, in general, work, including how they will be treated within them. By creating such a template, the child feels as though they can predict and control their environment.
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-(Bowlby, 2024)
Bowlby’s comments on grief & attachment are relevant as it pertains to the bereavement of those diagnosed with autism late in life. In particular, Bowlby asserts that our methods of coping with grief show a direct coorelation to our attachment style, (Bravo-Benítez, et al, 2019; Bowlby, 2024; Fraley & Shaver, 2019). What follows is a quick overview of attachment styles based on Bowlby’s research….
So given this overview how are attachment styles show to coorelate with grief? According to Bowlby, chronic grief is thought to coorelate with an anxious-ambivalent coping style, while absence of grief correlates with avoidant attachment styles, (Fraley & Shafer, 2019). So for example, what happens if you display many of the 8 signs of an anxious attachment style as this video describes?
- ANXIOUS ATTACHMENT & CHRONIC GRIEF – Individuals with an anxious attachment are likely to hold belief that my caregivers were “reliable, accessible or dependable”, (Fraley &^ Shaver, 2019, p45). With a mind that is organized to detect cues of unavailability and unresponsiveness, we become emotionally primed for feelings of unfulfilled yearning, anxiety, depression, and loss. The result is a state of what might be known as chronic grief.
- AVOIDANT ATTACHMENT & ABSENCE OF GRIEF – In contrast, individuals with an avoidant attachment style are likely to display defensive reactions to los by a desire to “assert independence of affectional ties or avoid fear of rejection” (Fraley & Shafer, 2019, p53) ties or avoid fear of rejection.
WORDEN’S Task MODEL OF Grief
Autism Friendly Models of Grief
Cognitive COnstructivist Approaches To Grief
Irving Yalom – an existential perspective

As someone who has spent her professional career in the service of others, I have had opportunity to help many individuals work through their own grieving process over the years. I have always been frustrated with the limited nature of grief as it is conventionally defined above. It seems as of society at large, makes room for only a certain kind of anguish: (such as after the death of a loved one). Mind you, dealing with this “conventially defined grief”, is certainly not a cake walk. However, it is worth noting that when one is dealing with the unconventional variety, doesn’t often bring with it the empathetic & empathetic response we might expect.
For example issues such as familial estrangement, disability or even divorce also bring about feelings of grief. However, in the case of such examples, individuals are left feeling alone to struggle with this grief privately. This happens when grief is “disenfranchseed” or unacknowledged by society at large. With a lack of validation & support, individuals are made to grief privately & the process of moving healng is much more problematic.
Disenfranchised Grief A QUICK DEFINITION…
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- Disenfranchised grief can be defined as the grief experienced by those who incur a loss that is not, or cannot be, openly acknowledged, publicly mourned or socially supported. Isolated in bereavement, it can be much more difficult to mourn and reactions are often complicated. It is important to recognise and try to meet the needs of those whose grief is not acknowledged by society at large.
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-(Doka,1999)
Societies have sets of norms that attempt to specify who, when, where, how, how long, and for whom people should grieve (Doka, 1999). For example, bereavement policies allow for time off after death of loved one and the standard condolences from friends, family & acquaintenances. However, with non-death related loses there exists a lack “of social validation”, (Sweetman & O’Donnell, 2020, p3). “The right to grieve is a process that one needs to experience” (Cesur-Soysal, et al, 2024). When an individual is unable to receive the support needed, this can result in isolation and loneliness. When deprived of the right to express feelings openly, receive sympathy & support, indviiduals can tend to internalize this perspective and engage in emotional self-invalidation. (Cseur-Sesyal, et al, 2024; Sweetman & O’Donnell, 2020,)
internalized ableism & the late-diagnosed autistic….
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- “Disenfranchised grief can be defined as a loss that is not openly acknowledged or a mourning process not recognized socially after a loss. One can also self-disenfranchise as suppressing and not allowing oneself to grieve.
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-(Cesur-Soysal, et al, 2024, p1)
For many, the grieving process often begins when a younger family member is diagnosed. As we learn about autism, we find ourselves relating to the symptoms descriptive of it and begin wondering. Am I autistic?! An initial period of self-diagnosis is common. It is a paradigm shift that involves incorporating the complex insights that come with a reevaluation of yourself and the world around you. Getting unstuck for the late-diagnosed autistic involves unpacking the chronic shame that comes with a lifetime of masking. The decision to acquire a formal diagnosis is a personal one you should make when you feel ready.
What is AUTISTIC GRIEF
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- Grief takes those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a greater amount of time to work through, often resulting in periods of meltdown and shutdown (heightened anger and fear) as well as an unawareness of the emotion they are feeling.
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(Ceney, 2023)
Autism Parents & The Grieving PRocess…
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- Parents may experience grief over the loss of their “expected child” and find it di cult to accept the reality. Parents’ grieving reactions to an ASD diagnosis have also been considered to be a type of ‘chronic sorrow’…referring to the sadness felt by the parents of children with mental disabilities…an “incomplete and uncertain loss”….families do not experience the stages of bereavement only once; rather, they continually revisited the di erent stages again and again, especially when faced with developmental milestones that were not being reached by their children
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-(Bravo-Benítez, 2019, P2)

Practice Self-Compassion
While individual responses are highly varied, there is inevitably some grieving involved. I’ve been there & it still creeps up from time to time. The process brings up feelings of anger, shame, and resentment. As you begin to reevaluate your life, you are forced to acknowledge that you weren’t given the support compassion & understanding you needed. Instead, many late-diagnosed autistics are left with chronic shame, an underdeveloped sense of self, and a heaping portion of trauma to work through.
My grief journey while looking back…
For much of my childhood, I lived in a state of silent panic due to the constant bullying. I struggled to make friends but usually had at least one person to spend time with. This changed in 6th grade when my best friend moved away to Pine Ridge. I found myself truly alone for the first time. I stopped talking by 7th grade and tried my best to remain invisible. It wasn’t until I became a therapist that I realized this is called selective mutism, (common in autistic children).
When I look back at it now, I see someone who was just simply terrified of the idea that they would be made fun of. I always lacked the understanding and guidance I needed to fit in. My big question always was why am I not good enough? The advice I received from well-meaning adults was usually something along the lines of “ignore them” and “just be yourself”.’
A life With chronic shame
Over time I internalized all the words of my bullies, and it became my truth. By the time I reached high school, I was chronically suicidal and had given up on myself. I had no self-worth and lived my days trying to fly under the radar and remain as invisible as possible.
With 20/20 hindsight I grieve very much for the girl I was. I always knew I was different in some way that others tended to find off-putting. However much I tried I was never able to fully grasp what that something was that made me so different from the world around me. At the time, this notion of differentness was truly a shame-inducing hot potato. Anything remotely indicative of this differentness became a source of overwhelming panic & fear. “I can’t let them see this differentness I just can’t”, I thought. I tried my best to conceal it whatever the cost.
It is truly one hell of a mind-fuck to look back at this time in my life is the stark contrast to my life now. I remember as if it was just yesterday how all-consuming this fear was of not being good enough. Not being good enough to me meant no one accepted you and you were unworthy of love and belonging. The mere idea of this left me in a state of constant panic unable to function or communicate. It’s as if I knew my very essence was a thing of shame and unworthiness. I feared my true nature and longed for normalcy, whatever that was.
Understanding The Shame Spiral
So, what can be said about the shame spiral? it usually begins with an ongoing hyper-awareness and continual background of monitoring for anything that can indicate impending feelings of rejection and shame. This can mean being worried about what you say or do. Or it can mean worrying about what someone says or does. This usually involves endlessly ruminating over potential worst-case scenarios while sitting in fear of the idea that asking the question out loud makes you look like an idiot. And then when something happens, and you receive some sort of criticism it can truly be crushing in a way that isn’t describable to those who don’t understand.
Until you learn to accept autism and see beyond the shame, gaining clarity is damn near impossible. When panic takes over, the brain is acting as if what you perceive as a possibility is a matter of life and death. You are unable to discern between actual danger and perceived danger. The hippocampus picks up on something that reminds you of a trauma from your youth. The fight or flight emotions hit, and your brain is off. And then your autistic brain becomes so overwhelming that you shut down.
The world social world for many autistics can be a scary one when the world indicates to us hold a shame-based identity. The very essence of your differentness is in some way considered abnormal or not good enough to some. To truly be in a place of chronic shame where you feel you’re unworthy of love and belonging can feel overwhelming. Oftentimes this can result in little time taken to understand yourself in any meaningful way.
Alexithymia- Being Blind on the Inside
It’s hard to describe to those who don’t understand but all too often I noticed a sense of varying degrees of having no sense of self. When I say no sense of self, I don’t mean it intends to mean blind inside. I’m blind to the inside and cannot see beyond it who I am. How I feel about myself is based on the feedback from others and the roles I am required to fill. Outside of that, there is little else. And with the tendency to absorb the emotions of those around me, there can tend to be a lack of awareness of the things going on internally.
It has been by speaking of shame understanding shame as a social emotion and recognizing it that progress has been made without the shame, I have the clarity I have peace of mind, and serenity I find I can look at situations and see them for what they are minus the panic which tends to overwhelm and throw me into complete dysfunction in paralysis. So, in the next section, I hope that we can review the concept of shame as a social emotion and what it means to begin unpacking it and seeing beyond the limitations it places upon our brain.
& Radical Acceptance Leads to Clarity
As I see it now, it’s what I didn’t know existed as a cause for my misery. I have a unique AUDHD brain that allows me to see the world from a unique perspective much needed in this world. Yes, I am different but that’s not a bad thing. It just is.
In the aftermath of this formal diagnosis, it is interesting to see how the ”TISM” shows up. I take a step back. I witness the silent inner voice of an old me from a long ago. Distant memories of a muted panic from just yesterday lurk underneath when I see my “TISM” showing. I no longer avoid these emotions through numbing and pretending to be OK. I also try my best to avoid the endless rumination and horrid shame cycle that comes with it. Instead, I have learned to sit with it and let it be. What does this mean?
I acknowledge the anxiety for what it is and try to unpack the thoughts, feelings, and belief systems associated with it. I use my autistic curiosity as fuel for this endeavor. The duality of perspectives from different points in time does intrigue me. I can look at a situation from the viewpoint of a present me and a former me. I see two different realities from the mind of what is and what was. What you have is a reality in which my lived experience was so dependent on unexamined belief systems that became shame-filled self-fulfilling prophecies. I became what I believe I am, and I got what I believed was possible. In a very real sense I really was a misery maker & my own worst enemy.
Missing Piece or Dark Knight
The Only Way Out Is Through
I have this theory that life comes with a bitter pill we must swallow to overcome any hamster wheel experience. This bitter pill represents an undeniable – yet ugly – truth of our lives & the role we play within it. For some, facing this truth directly can cause us more pain than we’re prepared to feel. This can lead us to an array of endlessly creative mental gymnastics that allow us to engage in a willful denial of reality. If you pretend it isn’t there, maybe that ugly truth can go away, right?
The problem with this solution is we inadvertently perpetuate what we deny. Like a dog chasing its own tail, we seek answers in the wrong places & fail to see the solution right under our nose. As a reformed-fuck-up, I’ve come to understand that the only way out is through. Healing has no shortcut and ultimately, the truth will set you free.
References
Bravo-Benítez, J., Pérez-Marfil, M. N., Román-Alegre, B., & Cruz-Quintana, F. (2019). Grief experiences in family caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(23), 4821
Ceney, E. (2023). ‘Though the earth gives way’: An autoethnographic account of autistic grief. Theology in Scotland, 30(1), 38-46.
d, G., & Arı, E. (2024). How We Disenfranchise Grief for Self and Other: An Empirical Study. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying, 89(2), 530–549. https://doi.org/10.1177/
Doka, K. J. (1999). Disenfranchised grief. Bereavement care, 18(3), 37-39. mmentary. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2020 Jun 25;11(1):1771008. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2020.1771008. PMID: 33029316; PMCID: PMC7473035.
Evans B. How autism became autism: The radical transformation of a central concept of child development in Britain. Hist Human Sci. 2013 Jul;26(3):3-31. doi: 10.1177/0952695113484320. PMID: 24014081; PMCID: PMC3757918.
[@Emiluschu]. (2022, December 11). Learning to Live with Grief: The Ball in the Box [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/ugPOAeQJQHE?si=JQtNy8biiOMPMEM2
Fraley, R.C. & Shaver, P.R. (2019). Attachment, Loss, and Grief. In Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (Eds.). (1999). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. Rough Guides. https://massaimh.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/CassidyChapter3AttachmentLos_HandbookOfAttachmentT.pdf
Fisher, K. (2012). Autistic grief is not like neurotypical grief. Thinking person’s guide to autism. https://thinkingautismguide. com/2012/08/autistic-grief-is-not-like-neurotypical. html.
Mughal S, Azhar Y, Mahon MM, et al. Grief Reaction and Prolonged Grief Disorder. [Updated 2023 Nov 14]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507832/
Pang, J. (2023, November 1). How Autistic Adults Experience Bereavement: an Interpretative Phenomenological Study https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.13385.72809
Punshon, C., Skirrow, P., & Murphy, G. (2009). The `not guilty verdict’: Psychological reactions to a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome in adulthood. Autism, 13(3), 265-283. https://doi.org/10.
Sweetman, A., & O’Donnell, S. (2020). Non-Death Loss and Grief. The Irish Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 20(3), 8-13.
Van Der Kolk, B. (2014). The Body Keeps The Score: Brain, mind and body in the healing of trauma. Viking
Wilson, R. B., Thompson, A. R., Rowse, G., Smith, R., Dugdale, A. S., & Freeth, M. (2023). Autistic women’s experiences of self-compassion after receiving their diagnosis in adulthood. Autism, 27(5), 1336-1347.